Alternative penalties are modern legislative trends to replace imprisonment with alternative penalties that contribute to integrating prisoners into society and keeping them away from crime and its ways.This research investigates alternative penalties and their legal provisions on the one hand, and addresses the types of alternatives to imprisonmen

Four new structurally related metabolites, one γ-lactone named gliomasolide F (1), one δ-lactone named gliomasolide G (2), and two medium-chain fatty acids named gliomacids A–B (3–4), each containing nine carbons in total, were identified from the sponge-associated fungus Gliomastix sp.ZSDS1-F7-2.The planar chemical structur

The phenomenon of translatability is an incredibly interesting translation problem, the subject of eternal disputes and discussions, which probably will never be definitively settled.Translatability is only a theoretical ideal, which, in fact, only corresponds to different degrees of approximation.Untranslatability is caused by the differences in t

Parent-offspring conflicts lead the offspring to evolve reliable signals of individual quality, including parasite burden, which may allow parents to adaptively modulate investment in the progeny.Sex-related variation in offspring reproductive value, however, may entail differential investment in sons and daughters.Here, we experimentally manipulat